The Psychology of Cancel Culture

https://www.discovermagazine.com/mind/the-psychology-of-cancel-culture


Cancel culture is largely a product of social media because it allows huge numbers of people to come together to voice their dislike or disapproval of certain people.

By “canceling” people, you’re taking away their voice, business and platform. In a sense, “you’re putting out the fuel of their fire,” especially in the public eye, says psychologist Audrey Tang.

Cancel Culture

It’s not that cancel culture didn’t exist before social media — series and sitcoms could be canceled as viewership went down. But in the era of social media, it can be propagated much quicker if we decide we no longer want to hear from certain public figures, says Tang, author of the book The Leader’s Guide to Resilience. “It’s much more immediate than it would have been before,” she says.

Is Cancel Culture Effective?

Yes, it works really well. Too well, according to Tang.

When people decide they no longer want to hear from a celebrity or public figure because of something they said or did, there’s enough steam behind it as a result of social media to impact media executives. While in the past, television shows were primarily driven by ratings; now social media is much more impactful.

Tang points to recent cancel culture examples like Amber Heard. After the public turned against her and “canceled” her, it became unlikely that media executives would hire her because they were nervous about public opinion. “It just becomes too big of a risk,” she says. 


Read More: Social Media Is Not to Blame for Dwindling Face-to-Face Communication


The Negative Effects of Cancel Culture

Tang says that, especially at universities, cancel culture can be a challenge to free speech. For example, when universities invite certain public figures to speak and then students walk out of their talks, it allows less room for debate. If you don’t listen to opposing views, she says, it takes away from our learning and our ability to question. “We don’t learn how to challenge and stand up to them,” says Tang.

We also run the risk of living in an echo chamber because if we’re never challenged, we never grow. As a result, cancel culture cuts out the middle road, and it’s in the middle where we’re best at solving problems.

“I’m not saying that we have to condone objectionable views at all, but if we’re unwilling to think deeply about critical arguments, then we’re cutting ourselves off from a great amount of knowledge,” Tang says. 


Read More: Collective Behavior and Why Some Crowds Get Out of Control


What Does Cancel Culture Mean for Your Brain?

Cancel culture also teaches children and teens the easy way out. It’s easier to push mute or turn off those whom you disagree with, but the easy way out isn’t always the most effective because we’re not engaging in complex thinking. 

It’s also worth remembering, says Tang, that the prefrontal cortex, the part of the brain engaged in complex thinking, doesn’t fully develop until the age of 25. “I would be loath to judge a teen for engaging in this sort of behavior because their brains aren’t yet fully formed,” she says.

Tang also contends that humans are “cognitive misers,” which means that when given the chance, our brains would rather solve problems using less effort because we can’t manage too much information at once. It’s a problem that becomes much worse in the age of social media when overwhelming amounts of information are flying at us from all directions.

“It’s not a great way of dealing with problems, but cancel culture may be a filter that people use as a survival mechanism,” says Tang.


Read More: Why Are Emotions Contagious?


Why We Are Drawn To Cancel Culture

It makes sense that our brains are drawn to cancel culture, but that doesn’t mean that it’s the best way to live in a society in which we all need to at least attempt to get along.

Tang says that it’s worth putting in the time and energy to learn broadly about opposing views. She also contends that you should gently call people out if they discriminate. Simply saying, “I’m sorry, could you repeat that please?” allows people to rethink what they’ve said. If they repeat it, ask them why they think the way they do.

Ultimately, it’s about broadening our horizons even when it’s uncomfortable. “Listen, learn, read widely and travel,” says Tang. That’s how to be a responsible member of society, rather than just canceling out those with whom you disagree.


Read More: Shame and the Rise of the Social Media Outrage Machine


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May 3, 2023 at 01:36PM

Entire Super Mario Bros. Movie Leaked On Twitter

https://www.gamespot.com/articles/entire-super-mario-bros-movie-leaked-on-twitter/1100-6513744/

The Super Mario Bros. Movie, which recently crossed the $1 billion mark at the box office, has become the latest target of online piracy. According to Forbes, a Twitter account with 1.1 million followers uploaded the movie in two parts, in high quality, via the platform’s Blue subscription service, which allows hour-long video uploads.

The video was viewed 9 million times before Twitter removed it, at least seven hours after it was uploaded. The incident has raised concerns about Twitter’s staff reductions and the potential for the misuse of tools available to Blue subscribers. It is uncertain whether the "vids that go hard" account responsible for the leak will be suspended or banned.

Despite the illegal posting, the movie’s box office revenue has continued to grow, and it is now one of the highest-grossing movies of the year, with double the revenue of any other video game movie. With the $1 billion worldwide, The Super Mario Bros. Movie became one of only 10 animated films to reach this milestone. In an interview with the Japanese press, Mario creator Shigeru Miyamoto said, "You need some luck to achieve this level of success for a film. While many foreign critics have given the movie relatively low ratings, I think that also contributed to the movie’s notoriety and buzz."

Continue Reading at GameSpot

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May 1, 2023 at 03:03PM

Ukraine Army Using Steam Decks To Shoot Real Turrets In War With Russia

https://www.gamespot.com/articles/ukraine-army-using-steam-decks-to-shoot-real-turrets-in-war-with-russia/1100-6513768/


New footage shows Ukrainian military personnel piloting a remote-control turret with nothing other than a Steam Deck. As reported by PC Gamer, footage of the Steam Deck being used by the Ukrainian military first emerged via TRO Media on Instagram. Later footage, likely from the same event, appeared showing the turret explicitly being controlled by the portable PC.

The turret shown in the footage is a Shablya model, developed by Ukrainian firm Global Dynamics. A crowdfunding campaign via People’s Project raised 445,000 uah (12,000 USD) to supply 10 of the remote weapon stations to the Ukraine armed forces.

Why use a video game device to control a remote turret? According to Bellingcat research Aric Toler, as quoted by PC Gamer, the device is perfect for this kind of usage. Toler said, “Totally native OS client, great controller you can use, touch screen, etc. It makes perfect sense for Steam Deck to be used, assuming the software is Linux-compatible (unless they went through the godawful process of dual-booting Windows on a Steam Deck).”

The relationship between video games and military technology goes back to the medium’s origins. The first flight simulators were developed for training military pilots. This is not the first time gaming controllers have been used for military purposes. Xbox controller have been used to control submarines, photonics masts, and even giant laser cannons. On the more absurd side of these connections, War Thunder players leaked classified military documents in an effort to correct perceived inaccuracies in the combat-vehicle-themed game.

Got a news tip or want to contact us directly? Email news@gamespot.com

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May 2, 2023 at 11:42AM

Daimler Trucks launches Rizon electric medium-duty truck in U.S.

https://www.autoblog.com/2023/04/28/daimler-medium-duty-electric-truck-mitsubishi-fuso-ecanter/


Daimler Trucks, which already owns Freightliner and Western Star, is putting a new brand on the U.S. market later this year. Dubbed Rizon, the medium-duty Class 4 and Class 5 haulers are battery-electric vehicles ranging from 15,995 to 17,995 pounds in gross vehicle weight. These are the kinds of city workhorses usually put to work as box trucks and refrigerated trucks for delivery and minicipal fleets, dump trucks, and flatbeds. Daimler hasn’t addressed the source of Rizon’s line yet, but Freightwaves suspects these are rebadged versions of Japanese truckmaker Mitsubishi Fuso’s eCanter. Daimler Trucks owns 89.3% of Mitsubishi Fuso Truck and Bus Corporation, which launched the latest version of the eCanter for Europe last September. The additions expand Daimler Trucks’ commercial e-footprint, along with the Class 6 Freightliner eM2 106 and the Class 8 Freightliner eCascadia.

Three Rizon models will go on sale through a network of U.S. dealers in Q4, the e16M, e16L and e18L. The M model runs with two 83-kWh battery packs providing a range from 75 to 100 miles. The L models boast three larger 124-kWh packs extending range to anywhere from 110 to 160 miles on a charge. Daimler chose lithium iron phosphate (LFP) batteries for their extended durability and reliability compared to other chemistries. The company will warranty the high-voltage packs for 5 years or 120,000 miles, and the rest of the truck and powertrain for 5 years or 75,000 miles. The company says charging using a Level 2 AC system refills the battery in “five to six hours,” whereas using the DC fast charge system “will result in a full charge in 45 to 90 minutes.”

To help the fleet customers that Rizon is targeting first, Daimler Truck and distribution partner Velocity will offer consultation on charging and telematics access, plus a sales force and technicians trained on the ins and outs of commercial electric vehicles.

Sales start in Southern California, New York and Texas. These are also the states where Daimler just announced the launch of its charging infrastructure joint venture Greenlane. Developed with NextEra Energy Resources and private equity firm BlackRock, the $650 million initiative will build out a charging network along popular freight routes for medium- and heavy-duty battery-electric trucks that has refilling stations for hydrogen fuel-cell trucks. When up and running, dedicated software will include a commercial vehicle reservation platform to make charging more efficient even before plugging in. Eventually, the project wants to make space for light-duty vehicles after opening the way for electric trucks and then hydrogen trucks.

The Rizon makes its debut here at next week’s Advanced Clean Transportation (ACT) Expo, running May 1-4 in Anaheim, California.

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April 28, 2023 at 04:12PM

ChatGPT Answers Patients’ Online Questions Better Than Real Doctors, Study Finds

https://gizmodo.com/chatgpt-ai-doctor-patients-reddit-questions-answer-1850384628


AI may not replace your doctor anytime soon, but it will probably be answering their emails. A study published in JAMA Internal Medicine Friday examined questions from patients and found that ChatGPT provided better answers than human doctors four out of five times. A panel of medical professionals evaluated the exchanges, and preferred the AI’s response in 79% of cases. ChatGPT didn’t just provide higher quality answers, the panel concluded the AI was more empathetic, too. It’s a finding that could have major implications for the future of healthcare.

Won’t Virtual Reality Make Me Sick?

“There’s one area in public health where there’s more need than ever before, and that is people seeking medical advice. Doctor’s inboxes are filled to the brim after this transition to virtual care because of COVID-19,” said the study’s lead author, John W. Ayers, PhD, MA, vice chief of innovation in the UC San Diego School of Medicine Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health.

“Patient emails go unanswered or get poor responses, and providers get burnout and leave their jobs. With that in mind, I thought ‘How can I help in this scenario?’” Ayers said. “So we got this basket of real patient questions and real physician responses, and compared them with ChatGPT. When we did, ChatGPT won in a landslide.”

Questions from patients are hard to come by, but Ayers’s team found a novel solution. The study pulled from Reddit’s r/AskDocs, where doctors with verified credentials answer users’ medical questions. The study randomly collected 195 questions and answers, and then had ChatGPT answer the same questions. A panel of licensed healthcare professionals with backgrounds in internal medicine evaluated the exchanges. The panel first chose which response was they thought was better, and then evaluated both the quality of the answers and the empathy or bedside manner provided.

The results were dramatic. ChatGPT’s answers were rated “good” or “very good” more than three times more often than doctors’ responses. The AI was rated “empathetic” or “very empathetic” almost 10 times more often.

The study’s authors say their work isn’t an argument in favor of ChatGPT over other AI tools, and they say that we don’t know enough about the risks and benefits for doctors to start using chatbots just yet.

Physicians showed an overwhelming preference for AI written responses,
Graphic: Courtesy of John. W. Ayers

“For some patients, this could save their lives,” Ayers said. For example, if you’re diagnosed with heart failure, it’s likely you’ll die within five years. “But we also know your likelihood of survival is higher if you have a high degree of compliance to clinical advice, such as restricting salt intake and taking your prescriptions. In that scenario, messages could help ensure compliance to that advice.”

The study says the medical community needs to move with caution. AI is progressing at an astonishing rate, and as the technology advances, so do the potential harms.

“The results are fascinating, if not all that surprising, and will certainly spur further much-needed research,” said Steven Lin, MD, executive director of the Stanford Healthcare AI Applied Research Team. However, Lin stressed that the JAMA study is far from definitive. For example, exchanged on Reddit don’t reflect the typical doctor-patient relationship in a clinical setting, and doctors with no therapeutic relationship with a patient have no particular reason to be empathetic or personalized in their responses. The results may also be skewed because the methodology for judging quality and empathy were simplistic, among other caveats.

Still, Lin said the study is encouraging, and highlights the enormous opportunity that chatbots pose for public health.

“There is tremendous potential for chatbots to assist clinicians when messaging with patients, by drafting a message based on a patient’s query for physicians or other clinical team members to edit,” said “The silent tsunami of patient messages flooding physicians’ inboxes is a very real, devastating problem.”

Doctors started playing around with ChatGPT almost as soon as it was released, and the chatbot shows a lot of potential for use in healthcare. But it’s hard to trust the AI’s responses, because in some cases, it lies. In another recent study, researchers had ChatGPT answer questions about preventing cardiovascular disease. The AI gave appropriate responses for 21 out of 25 questions. But ChatGPT made some serious mistakes, such as “firmly recommending” cardio and weightlifting, which can be unsafe for some people. In another example, a physician posted a TikTok about a conversation with ChatGPT where it made up a medical study. These problems could have deadly consequences if patients take a robot’s advice without input from a real doctor. OpenAI, the maker of ChatGPT, did not respond to a request for comment.

“We’re not saying we should just flip the switch and implement this. We need to pause and do the phase one studies, to evaluate the benefits and discover and mitigate the potential harms.” Ayers said. “That doesn’t mean we have to delay implementation for years. You could do the next phase and the next required study in a matter of months.”

There is no question that tools like ChatGPT will make their way into the world of medicine. It’s already started. In January, a mental health service called Koko tested GPT-3 on 4,000 people. The platform connects users to provide peer-to-pier support, and briefly let people harness an OpenAI powered chatbot in their responses. Koko said the AI messages got an overwhelmingly positive response, but the company shut the experiment down after a few days because it “felt kind of sterile.”

That’s not to say tools like ChatGPT don’t have potential in this context. Designed properly, a system that uses AI chatbots in medicine “may even be a tool to combat the epidemic of misinformation and disinformation that is probably the single biggest threat to public health today,” Lin said. “Applied poorly, it may make misinformation and disinformation even more rampant.”

Reading through the data from the JAMA study, the results seem clear even to a layperson. For example, one man said he gets arm pain when he sneezes, and asked if that’s cause for alarm. The doctor answered “Basically, no.” ChatGPT gave a detailed, five paragraph response with possible causes for the pain and several recommendations, including:

“It is not uncommon for people to experience muscle aches or pains in various parts of their body after sneezing. Sneezing is a sudden, forceful reflex that can cause muscle contractions throughout the body. In most cases, muscle pain or discomfort after sneezing is temporary and not a cause for concern. However, if the pain is severe or persists for a long time, it is a good idea to consult a healthcare professional for further evaluation.”

Unsurprisingly, all of the panelists in the study preferred ChatGPT’s answer. (Gizmodo lightly edited the details in the doctor’s example above to protect privacy.)

“This doesn’t mean we should throw doctors out of the picture,” Ayers said. “But the ideal message generating candidate may be a doctor using an AI system.”

If (and inevitably when) ChatGPT starts helping doctors with their emails, it could be useful even if it isn’t providing medical advice. Utilizing ChatGPT, doctors could work faster, giving patients the information they need without having to worry about grammar and spelling. Ayers said a ChatBot could also help reaching out to patients proactively with health care recommendations—like many doctors did in the early stages of the pandemic—rather than waiting for patients to get in touch when they have a problem.

“This isn’t just going to change medicine and help physicians, it’s going to have a huge value for public health, we’re talking en masse, across the population,” Ayers said.

Want to know more about AI, chatbots, and the future of machine learning? Check out our full coverage of artificial intelligence, or browse our guides to The Best Free AI Art Generators and Everything We Know About OpenAI’s ChatGPT.

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April 28, 2023 at 10:30AM

Watch Hyundai e-Corner execute a real 90-degree crab walk and 180-degree turn

https://www.autoblog.com/2023/04/27/watch-hyundai-e-corner-execute-a-real-90-degree-crab-walk-and-180-degree-turn/


Hyundai Group technology division and auto supplier Hyundai Mobis is hitting its marks in development of its e-Corner module. The module packages a wheel’s suspension, braking, and steering necessities into a free-standing assembly connected at the corner of a vehicle to an in-wheel motor. A vehicle fitted with four e-Corner modules would look and run just like a traditional EV in everyday use, but all of its driving functions are by-wire, a central ECU ensuring the modules work together. The magic of the system is the degree of rotation allowed by omitting links like half-shafts and steering racks. The system’s been demonstrated on public roads around the company campus on a Hyundai Ioniq 5. With each module able to rotate 90 degrees off-axis, the resulting maneuvers capable to the Ioniq 5 prototype look like a TikTok video or science fiction, take your pick. 

There are a few small giveaways that something is up with the test car: The modules jack the body up some and push the tires out a bit, causing poke and funky wheel arch alignment, and the wheel arches have additional cutouts to make room for full wheel rotation. By the time Hyundai Mobis achieves a production unit, planned for 2025, those minor issues should be easily addressed with a more compact module or a chassis design that accounts for the module.

A short video showcases several driving modes. Crab Driving turns all modules 90 degrees in the same direction, moving the Ioniq 5 sideways into a parallel parking spot. The Zero Turn is the same as we’ve seen from Rivian’s Tank Turn or the prototype electric G-Wagen. It rotates the modules 45 degrees, front wheels turning in, rear wheels turning out, so the vehicle can rotate in place. The Pivot Turn rotates the rear modules 90 degrees, turning the rear wheels plus one front wheel so that the car can pivot around a stationary front wheel as if the stationery wheel is the fixed point of a compass. This could come in handy in crammed parking lots to avoid making 12-point turns getting into and out of a spot. Finally, there’s Diagonal Driving, which we’d recognize as Hummer’s Crab Walk. Side note since this will come up in some bar somewhere, marine crabs walk sideways or forward, not diagonally, so we gotta give Hyundai the nod for the decapod-appropriate term.

If all goes well with the business case and production plans, Hyundai Mobis wants to start taking orders in 2025. It will be developing a Purpose Built Vehicle — the autonomous living-room-on-wheels kind — as another showcase for the e-Corner. Check out the vid to see what our future living rooms on wheels will be able to do.

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April 27, 2023 at 03:18PM

TikTok may have generative AI avatars soon

https://www.engadget.com/tiktok-may-have-generative-ai-avatars-soon-065038031.html?src=rss

TikTok may soon let you create AI stylized avatars not unlike what you can with deep learning apps like Midjourney or Lensa, according to a Twitter thread from social media guru Matt Navarra seen by The Verge. Called AI Avatars, the tool lets you upload three to 10 photos of yourself and choose from five art styles. It will then generate up to 30 separate avatars in a couple of minutes. You can then download one, several or all of the images to use as a profile picture or in stories.

Though the styles are more limited than what you can get on Lensa, the results look pretty good — so the feature is bound to be popular. Likely for that reason, TikTok will only let you use it once a day to presumably avoid overloading servers. 

TikTok may have generative AI avatars soon
Matt Navara

Though generative AI images seem like harmless fun, they’re not without some controversy. For both Lensa and Midjourney, artists have complained that the AI has sampled their work and borrowed from it a bit too liberally at times. And earlier this year, Getty launched a lawsuit against Stable Diffusion claiming it was scraping its data to generate art. 

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April 26, 2023 at 02:53AM