Settle Into 10 of the Most Beautiful Libraries on Earth

People love their libraries. And when their governments put money toward them, they even love to visit them. A 2012 report by the Institute of Museum and Library Services found that when investment in libraries drops, as it has in the US since 2009, usage typically falls with it. But the inverse was also true; the more public funds libraries receive, the more people tend to use them.

Perhaps that’s because a good library is more than a repository for books—it’s a community resource. It may also explain the recent spate of high-design libraries (and bookstores) popping up around the globe. Many of them function not just as singular temples to the written word, but community centers, auditoria, concert halls, and public gardens. All of them are works of art in themselves. Here are ten of note.

01

Dokk1 Library, Schmidt Hammer Larsen

The Dokk1 library recently won the prize for best public library of 2016, and it’s easy to see why. The 323,000 square-foot library, the largest in Scandinavia, is situated next to the river in Aarhus, Denmark. The building is made from a stack of polygons, giving it a hard, geometric facade. While inside, the space is airy, with windows that overlook the city’s harbor. An unexpected, artistic bonus: The bell that hangs above the central staircase is connected to the local hospital—it rings every time a child is born.

Credit:
Adam M√∏rk

The Dokk1 library recently won the prize for best public library of 2016, and it’s easy to see why. The 323,000 square-foot library, the largest in Scandinavia, is situated next to the river in Aarhus, Denmark. The building is made from a stack of polygons, giving it a hard, geometric facade. While inside, the space is airy, with windows that overlook the city’s harbor. An unexpected, artistic bonus: The bell that hangs above the central staircase is connected to the local hospital—it rings every time a child is born.

02

Lawrence Public Library, by Gould Evans

Lawrence’s new library has the bones of its old. Originally built in 1972, architects at Gould Evans recently gutted the library and renovated it to be more modern and tech-forward. While observing visitors, the architects realized people naturally gathered in the locations with the most natural lighting. This led to them to create reading room with floor-to-ceiling windows.

Credit:
Mike Sinclair

Lawrence’s new library has the bones of its old. Originally built in 1972, architects at Gould Evans recently gutted the library and renovated it to be more modern and tech-forward. While observing visitors, the architects realized people naturally gathered in the locations with the most natural lighting. This led to them to create reading room with floor-to-ceiling windows.

03

Yangzhou Zhangshuge, by XL-Muse

Walking into the Yangzhou Zhangshuge bookstore in Zhen Yuan, China is like walking through a river filled with books. The architects say that’s intentional; the building is supposed to evoke the feeling of water, a nod to its riverside location. Hard and paperback tomes line the curved, backlit shelves, which reflect onto the dark mirrored floor, creating a tunnel effect. It’s just the right amount of trippy.

Credit:
shao feng architectural photography

Walking into the Yangzhou Zhangshuge bookstore in Zhen Yuan, China is like walking through a river filled with books. The architects say that’s intentional; the building is supposed to evoke the feeling of water, a nod to its riverside location. Hard and paperback tomes line the curved, backlit shelves, which reflect onto the dark mirrored floor, creating a tunnel effect. It’s just the right amount of trippy.

04

Beyazit Library, by Tabanlioglu Architects

The Beyazit State Library in Istanbul isn’t a new building. In fact, it was originally built in 1506, and served as a soup kitchen and inn before it became the state library in the late 19th century. Turkish architecture studio Tabanlioglu Architects recently renovated the space, preserving its bones while adding minimalist modern touches, like tinted glass boxes that hold rare manuscripts. It’s a stunning mix of old and new.

Credit:
EmreDorter

The Beyazit State Library in Istanbul isn’t a new building. In fact, it was originally built in 1506, and served as a soup kitchen and inn before it became the state library in the late 19th century. Turkish architecture studio Tabanlioglu Architects recently renovated the space, preserving its bones while adding minimalist modern touches, like tinted glass boxes that hold rare manuscripts. It’s a stunning mix of old and new.

05

Vennesla Library, by Helen & Hard Architects

Norway’s Vennesla library looks like a portal to outer space. A series of 27 arching ribs hugs the ceiling, creating a skeleton for the building. Each rib has an integrated light that lends the cream interior and ethereal glow, while the base of the beam flows into a reading nook. Each rib contains sound absorbing materials to ensure the space is extra quiet.

Credit:
Emile Ashley

Norway’s Vennesla library looks like a portal to outer space. A series of 27 arching ribs hugs the ceiling, creating a skeleton for the building. Each rib has an integrated light that lends the cream interior and ethereal glow, while the base of the beam flows into a reading nook. Each rib contains sound absorbing materials to ensure the space is extra quiet.

06

Bodø Library, by DRDH

The new Bodø Public Library in Norway is also a cultural center, featuring a three-auditorium concert hall in addition to its 68,000-square feet of dedicated reading space. The white concrete building sits on the plot of a former bus station, and a row of floor-to-ceiling windows look out onto the city’s harbor.

Credit:
David Grandorge

The new Bodø Public Library in Norway is also a cultural center, featuring a three-auditorium concert hall in addition to its 68,000-square feet of dedicated reading space. The white concrete building sits on the plot of a former bus station, and a row of floor-to-ceiling windows look out onto the city’s harbor.

07

Chicago Public Library, by SOM

Chicago’s new Chinatown library branch has no sharp edges. The pebble-shaped building is wrapped in glass and marked by solar-shading fins that are meant to reduce heat and glare. The library’s curvy, three-sided shape is built around feng shui principles and designed to align with the avenues outside the building. Inside, the two-story structure is centered around a light-filled atrium.

Credit:
Hedrich Blessing Photographers

Chicago’s new Chinatown library branch has no sharp edges. The pebble-shaped building is wrapped in glass and marked by solar-shading fins that are meant to reduce heat and glare. The library’s curvy, three-sided shape is built around feng shui principles and designed to align with the avenues outside the building. Inside, the two-story structure is centered around a light-filled atrium.

08

Birmingham Library, by Mecanoo

From the outside, the Birmingham library in England looks like a brutalist structure wrapped in metal lace. But the building’s vast interior—it’s 312,000 square feet—is filled with bright primary colors and clean lines. The building is home to more than 400,000 books housed on multiple floors, each of which features a cantilevered balcony overlooking a “book rotunda.”

Credit:
Mecanoo

From the outside, the Birmingham library in England looks like a brutalist structure wrapped in metal lace. But the building’s vast interior—it’s 312,000 square feet—is filled with bright primary colors and clean lines. The building is home to more than 400,000 books housed on multiple floors, each of which features a cantilevered balcony overlooking a "book rotunda."

09

Halifax Library, by Schmidt Hammer Larsen

Halifax’s flagship library (there are 13 others) is 156,000-square feet of imposingly piled glass. Situated in the city’s downtown, the building’s four glass boxes stack, twist, and cantilever to create a stunning building block effect. On top of the building is a rooftop garden for enjoying warm Nova Scotia summers. Inside, the library’s reading room converts to a concert hall.

Credit:
Adam Mørk

Halifax’s flagship library (there are 13 others) is 156,000-square feet of imposingly piled glass. Situated in the city’s downtown, the building’s four glass boxes stack, twist, and cantilever to create a stunning building block effect. On top of the building is a rooftop garden for enjoying warm Nova Scotia summers. Inside, the library’s reading room converts to a concert hall.

10

Conarte Library, by Anagrama

Mexican design studio Anagrama designed a cozy reading nook inside this Monterrey bookstore to encourage visitors to linger and read. The sea foam blue walls shine through a latticed wood bookshelf that turns the space into a brightly colored cocoon. Stairs cut through the middle of the dome, while padded seats on either side afford comfortable reading spots. It’s visually striking, and clever, use of space.

Credit:
CAROGA

Mexican design studio Anagrama designed a cozy reading nook inside this Monterrey bookstore to encourage visitors to linger and read. The sea foam blue walls shine through a latticed wood bookshelf that turns the space into a brightly colored cocoon. Stairs cut through the middle of the dome, while padded seats on either side afford comfortable reading spots. It’s visually striking, and clever, use of space.

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Finally: Somebody Built an Adventure Game Using Google Forms

timetossed.png
Porpentine

An interesting foible of the internet: most online creation platforms can easily be manipulated toward unexpected ends. Enter All Your Time-Tossed Selves, a brief and free piece of interactive fiction made in Google Forms.

The survey format, it turns out, is a good fit for the sort of imagistic poetry in which creator Porpentine specializes. Google Forms provides a minimal, matter-of-fact platform for choices built out of tiny snippets of text, equal parts haunting and beautiful. Like a lot of Porpentine’s interactive fiction, it’s not quite clear what’s going on until it’s too late to do anything about it. If you ever figure it out at all, that is.

That lack of clarity is part of the design, though, and it highlights just how beautiful and elegiac Porpentine’s creations often are.

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You Can Assemble the World’s First Flatpack Truck in 12 Hours, Just Like an Ikea Bookshelf

Famed Formula 1 designer Gordon Murray has created another cool vehicle, but it’s not a race car. It’s a big, boxy truck that ships in pieces that go together just like that bookcase you bought at Ikea.

Murray designed the flat-pack truck, called the OX, for philanthropist Torquil Norman and his company, Global Vehicle Trust. The first prototype appeared in 2013. Three years, $4 million, and two prototypes later, the Trust has revealed a tested, more complete version.

PickupProto1.jpg
OX/Global Vehicle Trust

Inspiration for the OX came from the Africar, a lightweight, all-terrain vehicle that came and went in the mid-1980s. And the idea is brilliant: A flat-pack vehicle, much like flat-pack furniture, requires less space for shipping. (A 40-foot shipping container can hold six flat-packed trucks but just two assembled trucks.) That makes it easier and cheaper to send trucks to Africa—OX’s initial market—where reliable ground transportation is a scarce and valuable resource.

The company claims three people can build an OX in just 12 hours. That’s thanks to user-friendly touches like the windshield, which features three identical panels that are easily assembled and replaced. The OX’s ground clearance and 45 degree approach- and departure-angle let it tackle the roughest roads. Top Gear called the truck unbreakable, and applauded its smooth ride. And there’s plenty more: OX’s website compares the trucks specs to those of a 4×4 cab truck and a 4×4 passenger vehicle—the OX bests them both on multiple fronts.

PickupProto3.jpg
OX/Global Vehicle Trust

The OX, for example, is much lighter than the average truck because of Murray’s iStream manufacturing method. His radical approach aims to upend vehicle manufacturing by replacing stamped steel unibodies with tube steel frames coated in composite materials like fiberglass, polyurethane, and paper. The OX uses a waterproof bonded wood composite. Were this technique to take off, Murray says it would fundamentally alter the way cars are made.

That’s a bold claim from a brilliant thinker, but when WIRED talked to Murray about iStream in 2011, he said this technique could make cars 20 to 25 percent lighter and 60 percent more efficient to manufacture. The OX is the closest Murray has come to a proof of concept—but it’s still got a ways to go. Murray estimates he’ll need another $4 million to get an OX factory up and running. If that happens, he and Norman believe they can get OX trucks on the road in as little as two years. Another bold claim from a pair of bold thinkers.

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New Catalyst Could Split Water Cheaply

The mysterious workings of a new catalyst could help produce fuels from water and improve fuel cells, scientists say.

Splitting water into its constituent hydrogen and oxygen elements is an important starting point for the development of clean renewable fuels. Producing hydrogen from water could also become a method to store excess renewable energy.

It’s a process plants have already mastered via photosynthesis and humans are now working to replicate.

“While photosynthesis is extremely good at oxidizing water, the truth is many man-made processes of doing these things are not that good,” said Thomas Jaramillo, a researcher at the SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis in Stanford University’s Department of Chemical Engineering.

Many of the artificial methods of making hydrogen and oxygen from water require materials that are too expensive, require too much energy or break down too quickly in real-world conditions, like the acidic electrolytes in fuel cells.

But splitting water to generate hydrogen may be an important way to cut greenhouse gas emissions. Jaramillo observed that the world produces more than 50 billion kilograms of hydrogen each year and more than 95 percent of it comes from fossil fuels through processes like steam reforming methane.

Jaramillo and his collaborators sought to develop a catalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction, the notoriously slow half of the water-splitting process. A catalyst is a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction or lowers the energy required to get it started without getting used up itself. Making these materials last longer, work faster and use less energy would cut prices and improve efficiency in producing renewable hydrogen.

In a paper published last week in the journal Science, the research team presented an oxygen evolution catalyst that worked in harsh conditions and beat all of its competitors.

“The biggest achievement in this paper is that we were able to find a stable catalyst that works in acid,” said co-author Yasuyuki Hikita, a staff scientist at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. “The activity that we found has been record-breaking.”

In an oxygen evolution reaction catalyst, one of the key benchmarks is the overpotential, or the amount of electricity needed to drive the reaction. The past record was 320 millivolts, but the new catalysts only needed between 270 and 290 millivolts of overpotential to reach the same level of oxygen production.

Hikita said this is a huge improvement in efficiency and would drastically cut the energy needed in a potential hydrogen production plant that would run around the clock.

The catalyst in this case was a thin film crystal, grown to be as flat as possible, with one layer made from iridium oxide and another layer made from strontium iridium oxide. With a flat, thin crystal, researchers had a better standard of comparison for their simulations.

“Iridium oxide is the only known catalyst that works in acid,” Hikita said.

In their experiments, the researchers also found that the catalyst’s performance improved over time. Measurements showed that the surface of the catalyst changed, but the mechanism that’s sped up oxygen evolution is unclear. “Microscopically, we’re not sure why at this point,” Hikita said. “Part of the strontium goes out into the solution.”

The researchers are now working to make their oxygen evolution catalyst more efficient and less expensive, as well as teasing out the physics of what makes the material work so well. “Iridium is still a very expensive metal,” Hikita said. “How much can we reduce the amount of iridium to achieve the same results? For practical industrial applications, we need to go much, much lower.”

“There’s much further room ahead than there is behind in terms of developing a better catalyst,” Jaramillo said. “You can imagine a catalyst a million times better than the one we made.”

Reprinted from ClimateWire with permission from Environment & Energy Publishing, LLC. E&E provides daily coverage of essential energy and environmental news at www.eenews.net. Click here for the original story.

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This Free Course Teaches You Everything You Need to Know About Digital Photography

If you’ve been itching to learn photography but aren’t sure where to start, former Stanford professor and Google teacher Marc Levoy has released his entire course, which includes video lectures, slides, and more online for free.

The class is set up like any college class would be, with two classes a week and each class covering different topics, from the basics of image formation to lighting. Each week also has a bit of history mixed in alongside assignments to keep you occupied. The course isn’t set up for a ton of users, so if you run into a problem loading anything, this workaround should help with the slides, and Levoy’s YouTube page has all the videos.

Lectures on Digital Photography | Marc Levoy via DIY Photography

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Keep Computer Duster Very Far From Boiling Water

Despite the name “canned air,” computer duster isn’t oxygen at all. It’s actually 1,1-Difluoroethane kept under pressure in its liquid form and released as a freezing cold gas. It can cause moderate frostbite. It can get you high if you huff it (but don’t do that—it’s a truly awful idea.) And it makes boiling water explode. Wait, what?

Read more…

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