AI Is Revolutionizing Prosthetic Arm Control

https://www.discovermagazine.com/technology/ai-is-revolutionizing-prosthetic-arm-control


Prosthetic hands and arms have dramatically improved in recent years, thanks to advances that allow independently moving fingers, control over multiple joints, personalized 3D printing and so on.

Despite these breakthroughs, most users find prosthetic arms difficult to control. The most common control mechanism records the electrical activity in the arm muscles – a technique known as myoelectric sensing—and then uses this to actuate the prosthetic.

The problem is that users usually have to contract their muscles in specific combinations of patterns to generate hand or wrist motions. These patterns are often counterintuitive, time consuming and frustrating.

At the heart of this problem is that neuroscientists do not know how to accurately decode the signals the brain sends through nerves to control muscles. And that makes it hard to interpret nerve signals accurately.

What’s needed is a way to measure and decode nerve signals so that they can be used to intuitively control prosthetic arm, hand and finger movement.

Translating Intention

Now Diu Khue Luu and Anh Tuan Nguyen from the University of Minnesota with colleagues, have found a way to do this using an AI decoder that learns the user’s intention based on the nerve signals it senses in the arm. “We present a neuroprosthetic system to demonstrate that principle by employing an artificial intelligence (AI) agent to translate the amputee’s movement intent,” they say.

One key difference between this and electromyographic systems is that the team record the nerve signals via an implanted electrode called a peripheral nerve interface. That requires minor surgery and comes with obvious risks of infection, tissue damage and so on.

The advantage is a much cleaner signal. “These interfaces aim to enable intuitive prosthesis control purely by thoughts and achieve a natural user experience,” say the researchers.
With this in place, the team record amputees’ nerve signals as they attempt specific hand movements. And the team have tested the approach with three subjects who each received the microelectronic implant for a period of up to 16 months.

To train the AI system, the user wears a data glove on the uninjured hand and then repeatedly practices a hand movement in this and the phantom hand. During this process, the data glove records the intended movement while the electrodes record the nerve signals in the amputated arm.

In this way, the AI system learns to correlate the patterns of nerve signals with specific hand movements. In particular, it can decode several movements at the same time, such as pinching which requires the thumb and forefinger to flex while the other fingers remain still. The AI then manipulates the prosthetic arm by Bluetooth connection.

The result is a remarkable degree of dexterity. In tests, the subjects successfully achieve the intended action 99.2% of the time with a median reaction time of 0.81 seconds. Crucially, each movement is intuitive with the AI system matching the intended motion. “The AI agent allows amputees to control prosthetic upper limbs with their thoughts by decoding true motor intent,” say Luu, Nguyen and co.

Tactile Sensation

The team say this system is part of their broader work on signals that flow in both directions, from the user to control the arm, and then back to the brain for tactile sensation. They point to earlier work in which users reported tactile sensation and proprioception (the body’s ability to sense motion, action and position in 3D space). “This and our previous works form the foundation to materialize a complete closed-loop human-machine bidirectional communication,” they say.

The approach also allows users to connect directly to a virtual environment to control a computer game for example, without using a prosthetic hand. “The proposed nerve interface with an AI neural decoder allows people to manipulate remote objects using only their thoughts in an actual “telekinesis” manner,” say the team.

Of course, the system isn’t perfect. The researchers point to various kinds of fine motor control that are still difficult to achieve, such as wrist extension, wrist supination and applied force estimation. Some of these movements will require additional implanted electrode sensors. A shorter reaction time would be appreciated by most users. And implanted electrodes always run the risk of being disturbed and requiring re-implantation.

For now, this approach is a useful step forward in the technology for amputees and an exciting avenue for future work. As Luu, Nguyen and co conclude: “These results promise a future generation of prosthetic hands that can provide a natural user experience just like real hands.”


Ref: Artificial Intelligence Enables Real-Time and Intuitive Control of Prostheses via Nerve Interface: arxiv.org/abs/2203.08648

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March 21, 2022 at 08:51AM

Ford is now using robots to operate 3D printers without human help

https://techcrunch.com/2022/03/16/ford-is-now-using-robots-to-operate-3d-printers-without-human-help/


Ford’s Advanced Manufacturing Center has developed an interface that allows machines from different suppliers to speak to each other in the same language and operate parts of the production line autonomously.

Automakers have been incorporating robotics into their manufacturing processes for decades to reduce costs and boost efficiency. But Ford’s patent-pending system solves a crucial bottleneck in the production line by using robots to operate the 3D printers through the night without human interaction.

The autonomous system marks the first time the Carbon 3D printers and the KUKA-built robots can talk to each other in the same language, opening limitless possibilities for other machines involved throughout the production process to collaborate.

So far, the venture has helped produce low-volume, custom car parts such as the brake line bracket for Mustang Shelby GT500 sports cars equipped with the Performance Package.

“This new process has the ability to change the way we use robotics in our manufacturing facilities,” Jason Ryska, director, global manufacturing technology development, said in a statement.

Javier, the name given to the wheeled robot from supplier KUKA, can run the 3D printer continuously without human interference, even once employees have gone home for the night. Ford says the robots are constantly learning from the printer data to help the automaker achieve more accuracy and reduce margins of error.

“At Ford’s Advanced Manufacturing Center, Javier is tasked with operating the 3D printers completely on his own,” Ford said in a statement. “He is always on time, very precise in his movements, and he works most of the day – taking only a short break to charge up.”

Usually, equipment from different suppliers are unable to interact because they use separate communication interfaces. Ford’s system allows equipment from different suppliers to talk to each other, sending commands and feedback in real time.

Once the Carbon 3D tells Javier that the printed car component is ready, Javier retrieves it and puts it aside for a human operator to collect later.

Ford has filed several patents for the technology underpinning its communication interfaces and the precise positioning of robots. Though the process is autonomous, human operators must upload the 3D designs to the printer and maintain the machinery.

Reporting by Jaclyn Trop for TechCrunch.

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March 20, 2022 at 07:34AM

This electric vehicle splits itself down the middle to let passengers inside

https://www.autoblog.com/2022/03/20/iev-z-motors-electirc-vehicle-ev/


Tiny electric cars are becoming a dime a dozen nowadays, so iEV Motors wanted to change things up by introducing a tiny, fully electric vehicle that can extend itself to let passengers inside. iEV Z’s unique chassis can adjust to fit a second passenger in the back or increase cargo space. The iEV Z can be accessed with either a key card or an exclusive app from iEV, so there’s no need for a key fob. The app itself transforms the vehicle, locates it if “lost,” shows remaining battery life, and much more. According to iEV Motors, the iEV Z is six times smaller than a traditional vehicle with a range of 62 miles on a single charge and a max speed of 28 mph. There is a “plus” version of the iEV Z, the iEV Z+, with a 99-mile range and 50-mph max speed. Both versions can be fully charged in 3 hours. You can pre-order the iEV Z from the iEV Motors website right now at a starting price of € 5,850 or $6,460.51 USD.

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March 20, 2022 at 09:14AM

Steam Deck Now Supports Xbox Cloud Streaming Through Edge Browser

https://www.gamespot.com/articles/steam-deck-now-supports-xbox-cloud-streaming-through-edge-browser/1100-6501686/

Steam Deck already supports a ton of games, but now you can add Xbox’s cloud gaming service to that list. Microsoft says it worked closely with Valve to enable cloud gaming support, which is now available through Microsoft’s Edge browser in beta.

The new addition means that any game that runs through Xbox’s cloud service can now be played on the handheld system from Valve. Microsoft put out detailed instructions on how to get Edge up and running on your Steam Deck, how to switch the controller layout to recognize the gamepad, and even a piece of custom artwork you can use to set up a shortcut. This is how Game Pass eventually came to iOS devices, through a shortcut button made by a Safari browser. But keep in mind that since you’re tinkering with Linux command lines to change permissions, if you do something wrong you may need to do a factory reset.

While this solution isn’t quite the same as Xbox Game Pass support on Steam Deck, it’s awfully close. The Game Pass library has a lot of crossover with Microsoft’s cloud gaming library, and the only way to even access the cloud gaming service is with a Game Pass Ultimate subscription. Since this goes hand-in-hand with the rest of Microsoft’s services, you should be able to pick up your progress on Steam Deck from a cloud save and then continue it on your PC or Xbox, or vice-versa.

Continue Reading at GameSpot

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March 18, 2022 at 02:41PM

This wheelchair-sharing system lets users maneuver around the city with ease

https://www.autoblog.com/2022/03/17/italdesign-wheem-i-wheelchair-sharing-system/


Wheelchair mobility has advanced tremendously in recent years, from wheelchairs that let users venture off-road into the wilderness, to chairs that are right at home on a sandy beach. The Italian engineering company Italdesign intends to push the mobility boundaries even further with its introduction of the WheeM-i wheelchair-sharing system.

WheeM-i is a fully electric wheelchair mobility service for wheelchair users. WheeM-i stands for Wheelchair Mobility Inclusion. Wheelchair users book the mobility system through an app. Once scheduled, the user would approach the WheeM-i hub and activate their booked wheelchair. The fully electric system would then lower its body down and release a ramp for the wheelchair user to “wheel on.”

After the user has completed their tasks around the city, they return the chair back to the nearest WheeM-i hub to be charged for the next user. Aside from being fully electric, WheeM-i is also equipped with an onboard collision avoidance system to help its rider get to their location safely. To learn more about WheeM-i head over to italdesign.com  

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March 17, 2022 at 05:29PM

Energy agency: 10 steps would save 2.7M barrels of oil a day

https://www.autoblog.com/2022/03/19/iea-oil-saving-tips/


BERLIN — The International Energy Agency says the world could quickly reduce global oil demand by 2.7 million barrels a day by cutting down on car and plane travel, helping easing the supply crunch caused by Russia’s invasion of Ukraine.

The Paris-based agency said in a report released Friday that “practical actions by governments and citizens” could significantly reduce oil demand, make fuel cheaper for consumers, shrink Russia’s hydrocarbon revenue and boost efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

The IEA said its 10-point plan could, if fully implemented in advanced economies, cut oil demand by the same amount as all the cars in China within four months.

It urged the countries to adopt the measures in time for the annual peak demand season of July and August.

“As a result of Russia’s appalling aggression against Ukraine, the world may well be facing its biggest oil supply shock in decades, with huge implications for our economies and societies,” said the IEA’s executive director, Fatih Birol.

The organization’s plan includes:

— Reducing speed limits on highways by at least 10 kilometers per hour (6 mph)

— Working from home up to three days a week where possible

— Introducing car-free Sundays in cities

— Making the use of public transport cheaper and encouraging people to walk or cycle

— Alternating private car access to roads in large cities

— Boosting car sharing and another practices to reduce fuel use

— Promoting efficient freight and delivery driving

— Opting for high-speed and night trains instead of planes where possible

— Avoiding business air travel where alternative options exist, such as economy travel or video conferencing

— Encouraging the adoption of electric and more efficient vehicles

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March 19, 2022 at 09:01AM

Boston Dynamics Is Hoping Robot Dogs Are Less Creepy While Fighting Fires

https://gizmodo.com/boston-dynamics-is-hoping-robot-dogs-are-less-creepy-wh-1848671575


Photo: Alejandro Martinez Velez/Europa Press (Getty Images)

“Spot,” the nascent Terminator on four legs invented by Skynet, er, I mean, Boston Dynamics, has landed its next public safety gig: firefighter.

The New York Times reports that the city’s fire department has procured two of the $75,000 quadrupeds and plans to deploy them “occasionally,” leveraging them in especially dangerous situations where it’s harder for human responders to deploy. The first fire agency in the country to do so, the FDNY wants to use the “dogs” on treacherous search and rescue missions, where they will allegedly help relay important situational data back to responders.

“I look forward to a positive and productive conversation with F.D.N.Y. leaders to ensure these robotic ‘dogs’ are only being used on rare, specialized, occasions with a goal of protecting our residents and first responders,” said Bronx Borough President Vanessa L. Gibson, in a statement provided to the newspaper.

If this all sounds very familiar it’s because we’ve been here before, albeit with a different city agency. Back in early 2021, the Times reported that the New York Police Department would be one of the first police agencies in the country to deploy Spot (which the NYPD had renamed “Digidog”) for selective law enforcement missions.

And yet, only a few months into Digidog’s tenure, the Times reported that public backlash had forced the NYPD to return the mechanical canine to its kennel at Boston Dynamics. Adjectives like “creepy” and “dystopian” had dogged the unfortunate product, and, as it turned out, a lot of New Yorkers were uncomfortable with the idea of a quasi-sentient robot stalking around their neighborhood—especially one that could quite easily be equipped with a remote-controlled gun turret.

Now, Boston Dynamics seems to be hoping that New Yorkers will find their metallic contraption more digestible if it’s assisting a different public agency—one with a decidedly better reputation.

But privacy advocates fear that deploying the robo-Rover—even in a limited capacity—could come with a slew of new concerns over how exactly it’ll be used. In an email to Gizmodo, Albert Fox Cahn, founder of the Surveillance Technology Oversight Project, all but called the dog an expensive, invasive toy, one that might never actually get out of the garage.

“This is a costly surveillance gimmick that New Yorkers never needed, and it’s unclear if this latest doggy drone will ever be used,” Cahn told Gizmodo. “The FDNY rank and file have been calling for a pay rise, not new surveillance tech,” he added. Cahn also worries that data collected by the robot could fall into the hands of other agencies: “While I’m more inclined to trust the FDNY with new surveillance gear, there’s nothing to stop the NYPD from taking the data it collects,” he said. “At most, data from other city agencies is just a court order away from the NYPD, and often they only have to ask. If the FDNY wants to have its surveillance tech treated differently, then we need real protections against NYPD access to that information.”

You can certainly see the appeal of having robots do dangerous, dirty work so that humans don’t have to. But fears over whether these dogs will just be creepy spies seems legitimate, given that we once considered flying robots to be a horrifying dystopian fantasy and now you can barely go to a public park without having some teenager’s drone whiz by your head. We reached out to the New York Fire Department for comment on its recent litter of robots but a spokesperson said nobody was immediately available for comment.

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March 18, 2022 at 01:03PM