Scientists Watch Water Change Phase From a Liquid… to a Liquid

Scientists Watch Water Change Phase From a Liquid… to a Liquid

http://ift.tt/2IdBGWT

Water and hydrazinium trifluoroacetate mix
Graphic: Sander Woutersen

H20 is oh-so very weird. It’s on the lighter side of gases, but it’s one of the denser liquids. It’s got an abnormally high freezing and melting point, and it is densest when four degrees above its freezing point, where it changes from a liquid to a solid. A new paper seems to show a source for that weirdness.

Scientists seeking to explore some of water’s anomalous properties studied specially treated water mixed with another chemical. As they changed the temperature at high pressures, they noticed a sharp change in the water’s molecular behavior as it seemed to change phases—from a liquid to a liquid. And the results are sure to start some discussion in the science community.

“It’s something that the community has been arguing about for a long time,” study author C. Austen Angell from Arizona State University told Gizmodo, referring to the true nature of this two-liquids-in-one behavior. That’s because the crystallization of ice has prevented researchers from understanding what happens to liquid water at these cold temperatures.

Scientists have long observed water’s strange properties, and have wondered what was going on at the chemical level. Some think that this mysterious liquid-to-other-liquid transition might partly explain some of this strangeness. Another team previously spotted water’s two different phases while studying the liquid in its supercooled phase (when it remains a liquid where it would normally be a solid)—but they didn’t observe the transition between the two phases.

Angell and other researchers have looked more closely at the water, and monitored the heat in solutions containing a special chemical called hydrazinium trifluoroacetate that prevented the water from crystallizing into ice. As they raised and lowered the temperature, they observed a sharp change around -83 Celsius (-118 Fahrenheit) in the amount of heat the water absorbed. This, combined with computer simulations, provided evidence that the water was changing phase, similar to how it would behave as it melted from a solid to a liquid.

Since the water couldn’t freeze, it just swapped from the lower to the higher density phases and back, according to the paper published in Science today. Water, if you remember, has two hydrogen atoms attached to an oxygen atom. There’s more positive charge around the hydrogen atom, and more negative around the oxygen, causing hydrogen atoms from one molecule to stick to oxygen atoms in other via “hydrogen bonding.” The researchers attribute the phase change to a change in the arrangements of the hydrogen bonds.

At least one outside researcher thought the work was impressive. “The authors provide a compelling argument for the existence of liquid-liquid transition in pure water,” Federica Coppari, scientist at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in California who was not involved in this study, told Gizmodo in an email. But there’s more work to be done, she said. “It is indirect evidence, but the hope is that someone will take on the challenge of confirming these findings with other experiments, for example at high pressure.”

Angell said he was sure there’d be more discussion and further research, using things other than salts to suppress the crystallization. Because this phase transition is very important. As he told Gizmodo: “It’s absolutely central to the anomalous properties of water.”

[Science]

Tech

via Gizmodo http://gizmodo.com

March 8, 2018 at 01:21PM

Man Builds Pringle Ring While Discussing The Physics Of Stacking

Man Builds Pringle Ring While Discussing The Physics Of Stacking

http://ift.tt/2I79moW

pringles-stacking-physics.jpg

This is a video of Youtuber The Action Lab building a complete circle out of Pringles (aka a Ringle) while discussing the physics of stacking (previously: flying a drone inside a moving vehicle and experimenting with a magnet powerful enough to repel a mouse). I learned a lot by watching, but mostly just that I have almost no attention span and prefer Doritos or Flamin’ Hot Cheetos anyway.

Keep going for the video in case you feel like learning.

Thanks again to K Diddie, who basically works in the office now. Can you run and see if the vending machine has any of those little powdered donuts left?

blog comments powered by Disqus

Tech

via Geekologie – Gadgets, Gizmos, and Awesome http://geekologie.com/

March 7, 2018 at 01:17PM

An AI Powered Pokédex That Identifies Pokemon Through Your Phone’s Camera

An AI Powered Pokédex That Identifies Pokemon Through Your Phone’s Camera

http://ift.tt/2FlOi0b

artificial-intelligence-pokedex.jpg

This is a short video demonstration of DeepDex, an artificial intelligence powered Pokédex for Android phones (links to download page) that uses neural networks to identify a Pokémon through your device’s camera. In the creator’s own words while I hit up a bathroom stall for a Squirtle and a Snorlax:

Whether you spot a Pokémon on TV or in real life [i.e. stuffed animal, toy, sticker, etc), DeepDex will tell you which it is in an instant! It accomplishes this with the power of AI and neural networks, all running on your phone!

Expect predictions to get better overtime and new generations to be added.

What a time to be alive. One day I’m Googling ‘the Pokemon that looks like a sad drooling blueberry wearing a flower hat’ (Gloom) and the next I’ve got an artificial intelligence Pokédex that will just tell me what it is if I take a picture of it. Exciting times. “You tried your penis didn’t you?” From multiple angles! (Diglett, Medicham and Sudowoodo)

Thanks DeepDex, I’ve already been artificial intelligence Pokédexing for thirty minutes with no end in sight.

blog comments powered by Disqus

Tech

via Geekologie – Gadgets, Gizmos, and Awesome http://geekologie.com/

March 8, 2018 at 10:40AM

The Hitchhikers Guide to the Galaxy returns—with the original cast

The Hitchhikers Guide to the Galaxy returns—with the original cast

http://ift.tt/2G8dZP2

The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy deserves a special place in the geek pantheon. It’s the story of hapless BBC radio editor Arthur Dent, his best friend Ford Prefect, and the adventures that result when Prefect saves Dent when the Earth is unexpectedly destroyed to make way for a galactic bypass. Written by the late, great Douglas Adams, HHGTTG first appeared as a radio series in the UK back in 1978. On Thursday—exactly 40 years to the day from that first broadcast—it made its return home with the start of Hexagonal Phase, a radio dramatization of the sixth and final book of an increasingly misnamed trilogy.

Adams’ original radio series went on to spawn a universe of works. From that initial six-part series came the novel The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy, then a re-recorded LP, a second novel (The Restaurant at the End of the Universe), a second radio series, a TV series, another two books (Life, the Universe, and Everything; So Long and Thanks for All the Fish), a computer game, a short story (Young Zaphod Plays it Safe), and then a fifth book (Mostly Harmless). And the ideas Adams wrote about were visionary: what else is your smartphone if not a real-life version of the Guide?

Jonathan Gitlin

Although Adams died suddenly and unexpectedly in 2001, the universe he gave birth to lived on. Beginning in 2004, the original radio cast was reunited to dramatize the third, fourth, and fifth books. In 2005, a film adaptation was released, and then in 2009 came a final novel in the “trilogy,” And Another Thing…, written by the novelist Eoin Colfer. It’s this story that the BBC is now dramatizing, again using many of the original cast, along with newcomers like Jim Broadbent, Lenny Henry, and Stephen Hawking. Yes, that Stephen Hawking.

(OK, hardcore Hitchhiker’s fans will want to point out that BBC Radio 4 broadcast an audio adaptation of And Another Thing…, read by Stephen Mangan (who went on to play Dirk Gently in its first TV adaptation) and Peter Serafinowicz, back in 2009. Consider that done.)

Adams’ work in all its various forms has always meant a lot to me. It’s the first novel I can remember reading, although I can’t tell you if that was before or just after I saw the excellent BBC TV series back in 1981. It even taught me to accept “canon shock,” which is when the same general story appears differently in different formats; there are significant differences in the plots of the first two radio series compared to the books (compared to the TV series and compared to the film). And it’s hard not to feel a shiver when I hear the twanging banjo of its opening theme “Journey of the Sorcerer.”

So I’m happy to report that this latest installment doesn’t disappoint. And even better, unlike the BBC’s TV content, it’s not geoblocked or behind any kind of paywall. So go on, what are you waiting for—the coming of the Great Prophet Zarquon?

Tech

via Ars Technica https://arstechnica.com

March 8, 2018 at 03:11PM

Waymo self-driving trucks are hauling gear for Google data centers

Waymo self-driving trucks are hauling gear for Google data centers

http://ift.tt/2p040Ty

Waymo

Waymo, Google’s self-driving car company, is moving beyond driverless taxis. The company announced on Friday that its self-driving trucks have begun hauling real cargo in the Atlanta area. A safety driver in the truck will take over if anything goes wrong.

“Over the past year, we’ve been conducting road tests of Waymo’s self-driving trucks in California and Arizona,” Waymo wrote in a blog post. Now the trucks are going to haul loads to Google’s data centers in the state of Georgia.

Waymo already announced in January that it was expanding testing of its self-driving taxi service to the Atlanta area.

Waymo’s trucks will have plenty of competition. Earlier this week, Uber announced that its driverless trucks would begin hauling freight in Arizona—also with a safety driver in the truck.

Meanwhile, a startup called Starsky Robotics announced an initial test this week of its technology for remotely driven trucks. Another startup called Embark has been hauling real cargo with autonomous trucks (and a safety driver behind the wheel) since last fall.

Waymo hasn’t provided much detail about its driverless truck tech, but there’s reason to believe it may be more advanced than what its competitors have developed so far. The other three companies we’ve mentioned—Uber, Starsky, and Embark—have all focused on freeway driving, which is generally considered the easiest type of driving to automate.

Uber uses a “transfer hub” model, where a human driver takes a trailer through busy city streets at the beginning and end of a trip, while a self-driving truck drives a long-haul, freeway-only route in between. Starsky envisions trucks driving autonomously on the freeway, but having a human driver driving the truck remotely at the beginning and end of the trip.

“Embark is also focusing on handling freeway driving, with a human driver on board who navigates city streets,” TechCrunch wrote last summer.

Initially, Waymo will have a safety driver behind the wheel just like these other companies. But Waymo’s ambition has long been to develop “level 4” vehicles that can handle complex traffic conditions on city streets. Last November the company was confident enough in its driverless minivans to take the safety driver out of the driver’s seat.

Waymo says it uses the same technology for its trucks, so it’s a good guess that the company is aiming to achieve the same level of autonomy for its trucking fleet. That would mean a truck that can drive itself all the way from one loading dock to another—no safety driver, transfer hub, or remote operator needed.

“Things like braking, turning, and blind spots are different with a fully-loaded truck and trailer,” Waymo writes. The company still has work to do, but starting with the industry-leading software in its minivans gives Waymo a significant head start.

Tech

via Ars Technica https://arstechnica.com

March 9, 2018 at 09:09AM

Mark Hamill Destroys Jimmy Kimmel’s Star on Walk of Fame to Get his Own [Video]

Mark Hamill Destroys Jimmy Kimmel’s Star on Walk of Fame to Get his Own [Video]

http://ift.tt/2Fwam47

It’s a star war!

The Hollywood Walk of Fame is right outside our studio and tomorrow Mark Hamill, who played Luke Skywalker, is getting a star on that Walk of Fame. Luckily, he was right outside preparing and Jimmy was able to say hi.

[Jimmy Kimmel Live]

The post Mark Hamill Destroys Jimmy Kimmel’s Star on Walk of Fame to Get his Own [Video] appeared first on Geeks are Sexy Technology News.

Tech

via [Geeks Are Sexy] Technology News http://ift.tt/23BIq6h

March 9, 2018 at 08:05AM

Coca-Cola Will Sell Booze In Japan

Coca-Cola Will Sell Booze In Japan

http://ift.tt/2trgrxp

No longer content with merely being a mixer, Coca-Cola is moving into Japan’s highly competitive canned spirits market.

Besides its cola namesake (which actress Haruka Ayase is promoting in the top image), Coca-Cola Japan also sells various types of bottled Japanese tea under different brand names. The move into the country’s lucrative canned chu-hai segment feels inevitable.

According to The Financial Times, Coca-Cola does not plan to offer alcoholic drinks in other regions. But this isn’t the first time Coca-Cola has sold alcohol: During the 1970s, the company bought some US vineyards and briefly sold canned wine in-flight on United Airlines.

Ranging in alcohol content from 3 to 9 percent, canned chu-hai is made from white liquor, carbonated water and a range of flavorings, with the default chu-hai flavor being lemon. Canned chu-hai is an inexpensive, mass-market ready-to-drink twist on the distilled shochu, a spirit typically made from rice, barley, or potatoes; however, it’s not to be confused with proper shochu (honkaku shochu), which isn’t carbonated or artificially flavored.

The canned chu-hai market is huge in Japan, and as I mention in my new book Japanese Whisky, it’s even taken on—and surpassed—whisky. The Financial Times reports that the chu-hai market has grown 40 percent since 2011, so Coca-Cola’s decision to sell canned chu-hai makes sense, even if the competition is fierce.

It’ll be interesting to see if the company uses its cola brand or comes up with something original to go against the likes of Suntory, Kirin, Takara Shuzo and more. Don’t expect to see Coca-Cola branded booze, but you never know.


Kotaku East is your slice of Asian internet culture, bringing you the latest talking points from Japan, Korea, China and beyond. Tune in every morning from 4am to 8am.

Games

via Kotaku http://kotaku.com

March 8, 2018 at 06:39AM